{"id":9,"date":"2022-02-04T18:29:58","date_gmt":"2022-02-04T18:29:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/?page_id=9"},"modified":"2022-05-31T17:40:40","modified_gmt":"2022-05-31T17:40:40","slug":"maglev_pt","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/index.php\/oficinas\/maquinas-miniatura\/maglev_pt\/","title":{"rendered":"Levita\u00e7\u00e3o magn\u00e9tica"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:80%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"627\" height=\"608\" src=\"https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LevMag.png\" alt=\"Magnetic levitation\" class=\"wp-image-10\" srcset=\"https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LevMag.png 627w, https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/LevMag-300x291.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 627px) 100vw, 627px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:20%\">\n<!-- START Kaya QR Code Generator --><div class=\"wpkqcg_qrcode_wrapper\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpkqcg_qrcode_outputimg_469d6e56e8d59850_ecclevel\" value=\"L\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpkqcg_qrcode_outputimg_469d6e56e8d59850_size\" value=\"\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpkqcg_qrcode_outputimg_469d6e56e8d59850_color\" value=\"\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpkqcg_qrcode_outputimg_469d6e56e8d59850_bgcolor\" value=\"\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpkqcg_qrcode_outputimg_469d6e56e8d59850_content\" value=\"https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\" id=\"wpkqcg_qrcode_outputimg_469d6e56e8d59850\" alt=\"QR Code\" class=\"wpkqcg_qrcode\" style=\"width: auto; height: auto; max-width: 100%;\" ><div style=\"clear: none;\"><\/div><\/div><!-- END Kaya QR Code Generator -->\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"levitacao-magnetica\">Levita\u00e7\u00e3o magn\u00e9tica<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Levita\u00e7\u00e3o magn\u00e9tica (maglev) ou suspens\u00e3o magn\u00e9tica \u00e9 uma forma de suspender um item usando apenas campos magn\u00e9ticos. A for\u00e7a magn\u00e9tica \u00e9 utilizada para neutralizar a for\u00e7a gravitacional, bem como quaisquer outras for\u00e7as.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As for\u00e7as de levantamento garantem que o sistema n\u00e3o deslize espontaneamente ou vire para uma configura\u00e7\u00e3o onde o levantamento seja neutralizado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A levita\u00e7\u00e3o magn\u00e9tica pode ser usada em comb\u00f3ios Maglev, fus\u00e3o sem contacto, rolamentos magn\u00e9ticos e como montras de produtos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"componentes\"><strong>Componentes:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2 sensores de Hall<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4 \u00edmanes de estabiliza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4 geradores de campo magn\u00e9tico<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Placa de controlo eletr\u00f3nico<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"principio-de-funcionamento\">Princ\u00edpio de funcionamento:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>O teorema de Earnshaw estabelece que a levita\u00e7\u00e3o est\u00e1vel apenas com campos paramagn\u00e9ticos est\u00e1ticos e macrosc\u00f3picos \u00e9 imposs\u00edvel. Qualquer combina\u00e7\u00e3o de campos gravitacionais, eletrost\u00e1ticos e magnetost\u00e1ticos atuando sobre um item paramagn\u00e9tico torna a sua posi\u00e7\u00e3o inst\u00e1vel ao longo de pelo menos um eixo e pode estar em equil\u00edbrio inst\u00e1vel ao longo de todos os eixos. No entanto, existem v\u00e1rias op\u00e7\u00f5es para tornar a levita\u00e7\u00e3o vi\u00e1vel, como o uso de estabiliza\u00e7\u00e3o eletr\u00f3nica ou materiais diamagn\u00e9ticos (uma vez que a permeabilidade magn\u00e9tica relativa \u00e9 menor que um); foi demonstrado que os materiais diamagn\u00e9ticos s\u00e3o est\u00e1veis \u200b\u200bao longo de pelo menos um eixo e podem ser est\u00e1veis \u200b\u200bao longo de todos os eixos. Como os condutores t\u00eam uma permeabilidade relativa a campos magn\u00e9ticos alternados de menos de um, algumas configura\u00e7\u00f5es que envolvem eletro\u00edmanes acionados por CA b\u00e1sicos s\u00e3o auto-estabilizados.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Quando o sistema de levita\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 capaz de amortecer qualquer movimento semelhante a vibra\u00e7\u00e3o, \u00e9 considerado dinamicamente est\u00e1vel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O movimento pode ser amortecido de v\u00e1rias maneiras:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>amortecimento mec\u00e2nico externo (por exemplo, pontos de controle, resist\u00eancia do ar)<\/li><li>amortecimento por corrente parasita (metal condutor influenciado pelo campo)<\/li><li>amortecedores de massa que foram ajustados no objeto levitado<\/li><li>eletro\u00edmanes controlados eletronicamente<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Na experi\u00eancia atual, a estabilidade \u00e9 alcan\u00e7ada por controlo eletr\u00f3nico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Um dos sensores Hall mede o campo magn\u00e9tico ao longo do eixo dos <em>x<\/em> enquanto o outro mede no eixo dos <em>y<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A placa de circuito l\u00ea os sensores Hall e ajusta a corrente nas bobinas reagindo a qualquer mudan\u00e7a no campo magn\u00e9tico e fazendo com que o \u00edmane na parte superior se mova sempre para o centro onde a mudan\u00e7a no campo magn\u00e9tico \u00e9 m\u00ednima.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"763\" height=\"631\" src=\"https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/lev-mag-01.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13\" srcset=\"https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/lev-mag-01.png 763w, https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/lev-mag-01-300x248.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 763px) 100vw, 763px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>For example if the magnet move to the left on the x axis the hall sensor detects a change in the magnetic field. This causes the electronic circuit to increase the current on the left coil and decrese the current on the right coil. As a consequence the high magnetic field will make the magnet shift back to the right side. The control is continuously correcting and acting on any change to achieve a stable levitation effect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"instrucoes\">Instru\u00e7\u00f5es:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ligue o circuito<\/li><li>Coloque o \u00edmane no topo entre as 4 bobinas<\/li><li>Pode colocar um pequeno item em cima do \u00edmane e faz\u00ea-lo girar (requer rota\u00e7\u00e3o manual para iniciar o movimento)<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"links\">Links:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/pt.banggood.com\/Stark-5V-Digital-Maglev-Heavy-Load-Magnetic-Levitation-Efficient-Power-Saving-Toys-p-1346192.html?imageAb=1&amp;rmmds=category&amp;cur_warehouse=CN&amp;akmClientCountry=GB\">https:\/\/pt.banggood.com\/Stark-5V-Digital-Maglev-Heavy-Load-Magnetic-Levitation-Efficient-Power-Saving-Toys-p-1346192.html?imageAb=1&amp;rmmds=category&amp;cur_warehouse=CN&amp;akmClientCountry=GB<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How does Magnetic Levitation work? || Crude Levitator circuit\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/BgIjlvlwwzY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Is This Floating In The Air?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/QOEyxwhw254?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Magnetic_levitation\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Magnetic_levitation<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Levita\u00e7\u00e3o magn\u00e9tica Levita\u00e7\u00e3o magn\u00e9tica (maglev) ou suspens\u00e3o magn\u00e9tica \u00e9 uma forma de suspender um item usando apenas campos magn\u00e9ticos. A for\u00e7a magn\u00e9tica \u00e9 utilizada para neutralizar a for\u00e7a gravitacional, bem como quaisquer outras for\u00e7as. As for\u00e7as de levantamento garantem que o sistema n\u00e3o deslize espontaneamente ou vire para uma configura\u00e7\u00e3o onde o levantamento seja neutralizado. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":225,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":927,"href":"https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9\/revisions\/927"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/225"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/2022.robocupjunior.eu\/rcj\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}